In chess, a swindle is a ruse by which a player in a losing position tricks their opponent and thereby achieves a win or draw instead of the expected loss. It may also refer more generally to obtaining a win or draw from a clearly losing position. I. A. Horowitz and Fred Reinfeld distinguish among \"traps\", \"pitfalls\", and \"swindles\". In their terminology, a \"trap\" refers to a situation where players go wrong through their own efforts. In a \"pitfall\", the beneficiary of the pitfall plays an active role, creating a situation where a plausible move by the opponent will turn out badly. A \"swindle\" is a pitfall adopted by a player who has a clearly lost game. Horowitz and Reinfeld observe that swindles, \"though ignored in virtually all chess books\", \"play an enormously important role in over-the-board chess, and decide the fate of countless games\".
"}{"fact":"The first official cat show in the UK was organised at Crystal Palace in 1871.","length":78}
{"slip": { "id": 16, "advice": "It's unlucky to be superstitious."}}
{"fact":"The average lifespan of an outdoor-only cat is about 3 to 5 years while an indoor-only cat can live 16 years or much longer.","length":124}
{"slip": { "id": 1, "advice": "Remember that spiders are more afraid of you, than you are of them."}}
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